跨文化交际

孙淑女 徐馨

目录

  • 1 Culture
    • 1.1 Definition of Culture
    • 1.2 Elements of culture
    • 1.3 Subculture/Co-culture
    • 1.4 Cultural identity
    • 1.5 Characteristics of culture
  • 2 Communication and Intercultural communication
    • 2.1 Definition of communication
    • 2.2 Elements of communication
    • 2.3 Intercultural communication
  • 3 Cultural patterns
    • 3.1 Definition and components
    • 3.2 Edward T. Hall's theory
    • 3.3 Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's value orientation
    • 3.4 Hofstede's dimensions of cultural variablity
  • 4 Verbal intercultural communication
    • 4.1 Language and culture
    • 4.2 Verbal communication styles
    • 4.3 Language diversity
  • 5 Nonverbal intercultural communication
    • 5.1 Significance,definition and functions
    • 5.2 Paralanguage and Silence
    • 5.3 Time and Space
    • 5.4 Other Categories
  • 6 Intercultural Communication Competence(不作要求）
    • 6.1 Definition of Intercultural Comunication Competence
    • 6.2 Components of Intercultural Comunication Competence
    • 6.3 Requirements for Intercultural Comunication Competence
  • 7 Intercultural communication barriers and bridges
    • 7.1 Barriers
    • 7.2 Culture shock
    • 7.3 Intercultural adaptation
Verbal communication styles

Text C Verbal communcation styles

1. direct/indirect styles (textbook p. 143)

The direct and indirect styles differ in the extent to which communicators reveal their intentions through their tone of voice and the straightforwardness of their message.

In the direct verbal style, statement clearly reveal the speaker's intentions. In the indirect style, verbal statements tend to hide the speaker's actual intentions.

2. self-enhancement/self-effacement styles (textbook p. 144)

The self-enhancement verbal style emphasizes the importance of boasting about one's accomplishments and abilities. The self-effacement verbal style emphasizes the importance of humbling oneself via verbal restraints, hesitations and modest talk.

3. elaborate,exacting, succinct styles (textbook p. 145)

An elaborate style emphasizes flashy and embellished language.

An exacting style emphasizes that persons say no more than is needed.

A succinct style is charaterized by the use of concise statements, understatements and even silence.


4. personal/contextual styles (textbook p. 146)

Personal communication style emphasizes the individual identity of the speaker.

Contextual style highlights one's role identity and status.

5. instrumental/affective styles (textbook p. 147)

Instrumental verbal style is sender-based and goal-outcome based.

Affective verbal style is receiver and process oriented.